Parking meter



Nov. 23, 1954 R. F. BROUSSARD ET AL 2,695,090

PARKING METER Filed Feb. 2, 1950 10 sheets-sheet 1 .PobertFBroussard-HemyJ/1filler LesterD. Sollenberger 23, 1954 R. F. BROUSSARD ETAL 2,695,090

PARKING METER Filed Feb. 2, 1950 10 Sheets-Sheet 3 Fly. 9

Inventors: BobertEBro zzssard He122y J Miller Zester'D. SoZZeHbeJ-ger Attorzz s N 1954 R. F. BROUSSARD ETAL 2,695,090

PARKING METER 10 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Feb. 2, 1950 RobertEBrpussard zzryvlMzller LesterD. Sollenberger I Atnorns J21 Iran tars:

23, 1954 R. F. BROUSSARD ETAL.

PARKING METER l0 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Feb. 2, 1950 QNMZ Inventors:

Rob era-E Bz oussard Henry J M L Z Z er LesterD. SoZZenberger Attorzz .5

N 1954 R. F. BROUSSARD ETAL PARKING METER avi r 6' d g m h r e m S .b r. a S 5 n lwA t ark W W a h rdq S BM w r r r X m i y BHJ 5 .m J F n? US QQS m3 0 M Q Q l 2 1 m3 V w x F m fim 1 F 1954 R. F. BROUSSARD ETAL 2,695,090

PARKING METER Filed Feb. 2, 1950 10 Sheets-Sheet '7 4 R. F. BROUSSARD ETAL 2,695,090

PARKING METER Filed Feb. 2, 1950 10 Sheets-Sheet 8 RobertFBmussard HenryJIMzZZer .Z@ster.D. Sollerzb 923 a? Nov. 23, 1954 R. F. BROUSSARD ETAL ,0

PARKING METER Filed Feb. 2, 1950 10 Sheets-Sheet 9 Inventors jPobez'tl. Bra uss ard -H'e21ry J 1 12'! [er Zesterfl So llezzbeqyez' Artcrne 5 Nov. 23, 1954 R. F. BROUSSARD ETAL 2,695,090

PARKING METER Filed Feb. 2, 1950 10 Sheets-Sheet l0 Invezz tors:

.Pabez'tEBraussa rd .HenrJ/J Mil Zer Lesterll SoZZenberger y a M Juan-ml United States PatentO PARKING METER Robert F. Broussard, Burbank, Calif., and Henry J. Miller and Lester D. Sollenherger, Chicago, Ill., assignors, by mesne assignments, to Miller Meters, Inc., Chicago, III., a corporation of Illinois I Application February 2, 1950, Serial No. 142,041

25 Claims. (Cl. 194-72) This invention relates to coin-controlled devices and more particularly to a parking meter having a coin mechanism which utilizes a manual coin inductor in conjunction with a movable coin carrier and other associated parts as hereinafter specified, all assembled within a unitary supporting structure which is adapted for securement in a fixed position within a protecting housing therefor.

The features of this invention are directed largely to certain safeguards by which to prevent vandalism and to circumvent illicit practices which aim at obtaining parking time without payment of the prescribed tolls. This invention is also directed to various and sundry mechanical features which improve the operation of a coin mechanism of the general kind described.

Many parking meters are susceptible of being jammed and thus rendered temporarily inoperative. This may be done in some cases by inserting two coins consecutively in the coin-receiving slit, without depressing the manually operable meter-setting element after insertion of the first coin and prior to insertion of the second. It is accordingly one of the majorobjects of this invention to provide means elfective to prevent jamming of the meter mechanism as a result of any attempt to force two coins into the meter without intermediately actuating the coin carrier comprised in the mechanism.

Another object is to prevent effective operation of the meter through the use of apertured slugs, such as washers, in the place of genuine coins. A further object is to provide a signal which will serve to announce, whenever such is the fact, that the meter is out of order by reason either of the power mechanism, or the coin carrier being jammed in an elf-normal position, thus enabling the otficer on duty to at once detect and report the trouble and thereby minimize the periods during which the meter is not properly functioning.

Still another object is to provide means effective to firmly anchor the meter mechanism within the housing therefor so that it is positioned to function properly while at the same time being easily and quickly removable and replaceable, thereby greatly expediting maintenance.

An additional object is to simplify and improve the motion-imparting connection between the manually operable meter-setting element and the power mechanism by eliminating gears which have previously been employed for this purpose, and substituting a direct connection in place thereof, thus materially reducing friction loss and rendering the meter easier to operate while at the same time reducing parts and assembling costs.

A further object is to prevent cheating of the meter through unauthorized use of two coins in such manner as to obtain a major unit of parking time in exchange for one minor coin. Another object is to prevent operation of the coin carrier and resultant setting of the meter without expenditure of a coina performance which, if successful, would involve use of two or more coins while at the same time retrieving all the coins so employed.

A still further object is to prevent manipulation of the meter in such a way as to obtain parking time on the indicator scale without withdrawing the violation flag from the visible position in which it indicates a condition of overtime-a manipulation which heretofore has been possible for the purpose either of disparaging use of the parking meters or of causing embarrassment to the attending oificers.

An additional object is to eliminate the needfor cer- 2,695,090 Patented Nov. 23, 1954 tain extremely narrow manufacturing tolerances which it has heretofore been necessary to maintain in order to enable the meter to distinguish with certainty between major and minor coins. Still another object is to provide an improved coin gauge which is especially suited for use in meters designed to afford two major units of parking time in exchange for two major coins.

Other objects will be pointed out or will become selfevident as the ensuing description proceeds. The accompanying drawings (10 sheets) illustrate a suggestive embodiment of this invention in the manner following:

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of the parking meter housing together with a front elevational view of the self-contained parking meter mechanism in its normal position within the housing.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view, taken at line 2--2 of Fig. 1, showing in elevation the locating plate which serves, in co-operation with other parts, to fix the position of the meter mechanism unit within the housing and to aid in securing the same in place, subject to intentional withdrawal;

Fig. 3 is a plan view on a reduced scale, taken at line 33 of Fig. 1, and showing more particularly the position of the meter mechanism within the housing and the vertical grooves or guide-slots designed to receive the locating plate;

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a removable spring metal keeper which normally functions, conjointly with the locating plate of Fig. 5, to locate and secure the meter mechanism in place within the housing;

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the locating plate for the meter mechanism;

Fig. 6 is a small scale front elevation of the meter mechanism,. exclusive of the housing;

Fig. 7 is an enlarged side elevation of the meter mechanism as viewed from the left of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is an enlarged side elevation of the meter mechanism as viewed from the right of Fig. 6 (being the reverse of Fig. 7), the manually operable coin inductor being omitted from this view in order to expose other parts located at the rear thereof;

9 is an enlarged section, taken on line 9-9 of 1g.

Fig. 10 is an exploded view showing the framework of the meter mechanism and the graduated time scales or dial plates, together with a few mechanical parts including the violation flag and the manually operable coin inductor by means of which the meter is manually set for operation coincidentally with the deposit of a coin;

Figs. 11 and 11a, taken together, constitute an exploded view of the mechanical components of the meter mechanism which, for the most part, are located on or immediately associated with what will be referred to as the major axis, Fig. 11a being a continuation of Fig. 11;

Fig. 12 is an assembly of the parts shown in Figs. 11 and 11a;

Fig. 13 is an exploded view showing, in perspective, a group of parts which for the most part are located at a lower level than those shown in Figs. 11, 11a and 12, and comprising the plates forming the coin track, the coin-release mechanism, the coin counter and the pawl which advances the time-setting plate in response to a minor coin;

Fig. 14 is an exploded view showing in perspective the time-indicating pointer and certain associated parts, together with the trouble flag and a yoke which serves as a coupling medium between the trouble flag and the violation flag;

Fig. 15 is a sectional view, taken at line 1515 of Fig. 7, showing the several exhibited parts in their normal positions;

Fig. 16 is a sectional view, taken at line 1616 of Fig. 7, showing the manually operated coin inductor in a partially depressed position and the power plate in a corresponding position;

Fig. 17 is a view similar to Fig. 16, showing the coin inductor in fully depressed position and the power plate in its extreme off-normal position wherein it is latched to the coin carrier and about to return tonormal position,

thus rotating the coin carrier from coin-receiving the coin discharge position;

Fig. 18 is a view similar to Figs. 16 and 17, showing the manually operated coin inductor and the power plate restored to normal position and illustrating how the latch is de-actuated to allow the coin carrier to return to its normal position, amajor coin being shown in process of being'discharged from the coin carrier into the coin chute;

Figs. ,l9-22 inclusive are views designed to illustrate progressively the manner in which the timing mechanism is set for operation in response to a major coin, Fig. 22 being intended to illustrate a special situation which often arises where the meter is adapted to afford two major units of parking time in exchange for two major coins, and where the second major coin is inserted in the coin slot just prior to expiration of one such unit of time;

Figs. 23-25 inclusive are views designed to illustrate progressively themanner in. which the timing mechanism is set for'operationin response to a minor coin, Fig, 24 being intended to illustrate how the difference in diameter between a major and a minor coin'is accentuated by altering the contour of the coin track;

Fig. 25a is a detail in section, taken on of Fig. 9;

Fig. 26 is a fragmentary perspective view of the upper portion of the meter mechanism; and

Figs. 2731 inclusive are a series of semi-diagrammatic views illustrating progressively the operation of the trouble flag and the violation flag.

Preliminary explanation 0 the subject parking meter and statement of invention The specific parking meter chosen for illustration and description is susceptible of operation with coins of two different denominations, viz., coins of two different diameters, as for example nickels and pennies. The coin of larger diameter is referred to herein as a major coin whereas the coin of small diameter is referred to as a minor coin. The meter is designed to receive a maximum of two major coins, or one major coin and five minor coins, or ten minor. coins, and to afford proportionate parking time; but none of the novel features of the invention is limited in its utility to meters answering to the above description.

The entire meter installation herein chosen by way of example comprises a metal housing mounted on a hollow post within which is a re'movablecoin box, and a selfcentained unitary meter mechanism mounted for easy removal within the housing. .The present application is concerned principally but not entirely with the meter mechanism per se.

The major components of the illustrated meter mechanism itself are:

A. A power mechanism including a rotary power plate, a power springrotationally biasing the power plate toward a normal position, a latch carried by the power plate and operative to releasably couple the power plate to the coin carrier, a manually operable element forenergizing and setting the meter and constituting a coin inductor which may take the form of a pivoted arm or push plate having a coin slit through which coins are admitted to the coin carrier, and a pusher link hinged to the manually operable element and operative upon depression of said element for rotating the power plate from its normal position to an alternate position wherein the power plate is latched to the coin carrier.

B. A coin carrier designed to receive coins, one at a time, as they are passed through the coin slit of the coin inductor and which is rotatable by the power mechanism from a normal coin-receiving posture to an alternate coin-discharge position, and mounting a spring-biased coin gauge which is movable in response to a major coin to a predetermined position in which it is effective upon rotation of the coin carrier to set the time indicator for a period corresponding to the value of the major coin (usually one hour) and movable in response to a minor coin to a different predetermined position in which it is effective upon rotation of the coin carrier to set the time indicator for a shorter period proportionate to the value of the minor coin.

C. Time indicating means in the form of a graduated scale on a dial plate, and a time indicator or pointer co-operating with the scale and spring-biased toward the zero scale indicia, but movable along the scale in re sponse to coin-controlled actuation of the meter to an :extent corresponding to the value of the deposited coin.

D. A timing regulator or brake in the form of a gear 'turn movement of the time indicator.

E. A coin counting mechanism which registers in accordance with the value of each deposited coin and thus provides a cumulative record of receipts.

F. A coin release mechanism which operates to arrest each coin in registration with an observation window and thereafter releases the arrested coin when another coin of the same denomination is inserted in the meter.

To set the meter for obtainment of parking time, the motorist inserts either a major coin or a minor coin in the coin slit and simultaneously exerts pressure against the manually operable coin inductor in which the coin slit is formed; and he may, if he desires, insert two major coins or any number of minor coins up to the value of two major coins and thus obtain the maximum allowable parking time or any desired proportionate part thereof. He must, however, actuate the coin inductor after each insertion of a single coin because the coin carrier is not designed to receive more than one coin at a time.

When, after inserting a proper coin, the customer depresses the manually operable inductor plate, he causes the power plate to rotate from a normal at-rest position to an alternate position and at the same time energizes a power spring which functions to return the power plate to its normal position. When the power plate reaches its alternate position, a latch carried thereby engages the coin carrier and couples the same to the power plate so that, upon the return rotation of the power plate under the impetus of the power spring, it carries with it the coin carrier and thus rotates the coin carrier from its coin-receiving position to the coin-discharge position. As soon as the coin carrier reaches the coin-discharge position, the coin-carrier is released and a biasing spring connected thereto returns the coin carrier to its coinreceiving position where it is ready to receive another coin. During rotation of the coin carrier away from it coin-receiving position, it carries with it either a major or minor coin which is held in place by a stationary coin track along which the coin rolls or slides; and the coin gauge is at the same time held by the coin in an offnormal position corresponding to the diameter of the coin. If the coin is a major one, the coin gauge is so positioned thereby that it engages a tooth on a time control plate and is thereby effective to move the time indicator through a major angular distance in response to rotation of the coin carrier while the latter is moving from coin-receiving to coin-discharge position. If the coin is a minor one, the coin gauge is so positioned thereby that it does not engage the time control plate tooth but, instead, engages and actuates a pawl which, in turn. engages and rotates a ratchet wheel and thereby effects rotation of the time indicator to an extent corresponding to the value of a minor coin. In either event, the time indicator is moved away from its zero position against the opposition of a restoring spring which immediately becomes effective to move said indicator toward the zero position at a rate determined by the timing regulator.

While the illustrated meter mechanism is designed to afford a maximum of two major units of parking time (usually two hours) in exchange for two major coins (nickels) or ten minor coins (pennies), it can easily be converted so that it is capable of being set to afford a maximum of one major unit of parking time. The duration of one major unit of time ordinarily is one hour, but that is determined by the time regulator which can be designed either to increase or decrease the intervallrequired for the time indicator to scan the graduated sca e.

It is unfortunately the fact that parking meters are among the favorite targets of vandals, and practical experience with parking meters has brought to light certain vulnerabilities which such persons have been able to discover, and to the curing of which the present invention is in part directed.

In the absence of effective counter provision, it is possible in some parking meters to insert a minor coin in the coin slit and then through the use of a second coin flip the first coin upwardly, causing it to escape the coin carrier and sometimes get into a position where it will jam the mechanism. The perpetrators of such a scheme obtain no parking time but they do discredit the parking rneters so put out of order. One of the features of this lnvention consists in the provision of a springbiased arm pivotally connected to and carried by the manually operable coin inductor and operative as a barrier against upward diversion of inserted coins while at the same time being yieldable to permit unhampered movement of the coin inductor.

With some parking meters it has also been found possible to obtain a major unit of parking time in exchange for a minor coin by partially depressing and holding the manually operable coin inductor while 1nserting a minor coin in the coin slit and then pushing the minor coin into the coin carrier by means of a second coin, and thereafter fully depressing the coin inductor. The result of such a manipulation is to cause the first-inserted minor coin to displace the coin gauge to an extent equal to the displacement thereof normally effected by a major coin. The present invention defeats any such fraudulent operation through the PI'OVlSlOIl of a barrier which normally does not interfere with insertion of a coin into the coin slit, but which does change its position as the manually operable coin inductor is depressed so as to prevent insertion of a second coin at a time when it would be possible by so doing to accomplish the purpose intended. If the two coins are inserted while the coin inductor remains in a non-depressed position, the barrier will eject the second coin and thus thwart the fraudulent attempt.

Another point of vulnerability present in certain prior parking meters is that, through the conjoint use of two coins, it is possible to displace the coin gauge and rotate the coin carrier sufficiently to obtain several minutes of parking time, and then retrieve both coinsthe power mechanism being still unactuated. Such an attempt may be successfully defeated through the provision of a locking mechanism which prevents rotation of the coin carrier from its coin-receiving position until just prior to the instant when the power plate commences its return stroke, whereupon the coin carrier is unlocked so that it is free to follow the power plate. There is so little marginbetween the release of the coin carrier and the commencement of its rotation by the power plate that for all practical purposes it is virtually impossible to unlock the coin carrier by depressing the coin inductor without also causing the power mechanism to rotate the coin carrier; and even if such a delicate manipulation might occasionally be successfully performed, it could rarely, if ever, be done While at the same time attempting to rotate the unlocked coin carrier through the use of two coins, in the manner above related.

In earlier meter constructions the brass plates which form the two sides of the coin track, and which are spaced apart to provide an interior coin slot leading into the coin carrier, are susceptible of being forced apart to such an extent that it is possible to jam two minor coins therebetween, and thus put the meter out of working order until it is cleared by a service man. Resort to the use of heavier plates or reinforcements therefor to overcome this difliculty has not been practicable for various reasons. In the present mechanism the problem has been solved by providing the meter-locating plate with a pair of laterally spaced rigid fingers which func tion when the locating plate is in position to reinforce the brass plates which form sides for the coin track. This renders it impossible to press two minor coins into the interior coin slot, thereby avoiding the possibility of coin jams at this point.

The most usual way of defrauding parking meters and other coin-controlled mechanisms is through the use of slugs, and the most readily available slugs are usually apertured iron or brass washers which can easily be obtained in suitable diameters and thicknesses. A feature of the present invention is the novel device which obstructs full rotation of the power plate and thus prevents release of the coin carrier in response to insertion of an apertured washer therein. While operation of the niett by means of imperforate slugs is not prevented,

the meters are rendered incapable of operation with what is by far the most easily obtainable form of slug having suitable dimensions.

Another feature of the present invention resides in the provision of a trouble flag which operates upon failure of either the power plate or the coin carrier to move to normal position, thus serving to inform service personnel that the associated meter requires attention.

With meters of prior construction designed to receive both major and minor coins, where the difference of diam eters is small, extreme precision is required in certain parts in order to enable the responsive mechanism to distinguish between the two denominations. The present invention embraces a novel feature which eliminates the need for such close tolerances. simple expedient of changing the contour of the coin track so as to increase its radial distance from the axis of rotation of the coin carrier within the sector occupied by a minor coin when the coin gauge encounters the pawl which functions to rotate the time control plate in response to deposit of a minor coin. The portion of the coin track which determines the effect of the deposited major coin remains unchanged.

In certain meter constructions the manually operable coin inductor is connected to the power mechanism through the agency of gears which serve to effect a reversal of direction and at the same time an increase in the rotative movement of the manually operable element. An important feature of the present invention is the elimination of all such gears with resultant smoother and easier operation as well as a substantial saving in production cost.

Still another feature of this invention is an improvement in the arrangement for operating the violation flag. In the prior constructions the violation flag has been directly actuated by the manually operable coin inductor, whereas in the present construction it is actuated only indirectly in response to depression thereof and in such a way that it is not possible to put time on the meter without withdrawing the violation flag and keeping it withdrawn until the purchased parking time has expired. It has been possible, upon deposit of either a major or minor coin, to so manipulate the manually operable coin inductor that the meter can be set without moving the violation flag to a concealed position; in the case of a major coin, operation of the violation flag has been produced by depressing the manually operable coin inductor slowly and then releasing it slowly, after hearing the latch click and before the trip is released; and in the case of a minor coin a like result has been achieved by quickly releasing the coin inductor after depressing the same. Although the perpetrator cannot thereby obtain unpaid-for parking time, the violation flag is maintained in an exposed position to annoy the attending oflicer and also to disparage parking meters generally, or a given product in particular, as might best accord with his sinister purpose.

Where a parking meter of the type here dealt with is adapted to be set so as to afford two major units of parking time in exchange for two major coins, it some times happens that a customer will deposit a major coin at a time when the meter shows nearly a whole major unit of unexpired time; and when' that situation arises the coin gauge is apt to strike the tip of one of the teeth of the time control plate, or to strike the time control plate at a point near the tip of the tooth, for which reason a one-piece coin gauge will not yield sufficiently to permit complete entry of a major coin into the coin carrier. And if the customer should try to force the coin into the meter he probably would damage the coin gauge to such an extent that it might require replacement. A feature of the present invention is the remedy provided for such a condition, viz., a two-piece coin gauge which is yieldable to permit insertion of a major coin without damage to itself.

Still another feature resides in a novel and effective provision for locating and removably anchoring the meter mechanism within the housing therefor. Servicing operations are thereby facilitated and reduced to a virtual minimum of time for the removal or replacement of the meter mechanism, while at the same time insuring accurate location of the meter mechanism so that it will function properly and dependably.

General description with reference to the drawings The parking meter installation herein disclosed comprises a housing H supported on a suitable post (not shown), a meter mechanism M, and a removable coin box B which is positioned below the meter mechanism. A coin-receiving slot is provided in the coin box at its upper end, in register with a coin-discharge opening in the bottom of the meter mechanism, to receive therefrom both major and minor coins as they descend by gravity.

The housing H comprises a hollow body 10 which preferably is an aluminum casting, and a removable This consists in the.

cover 12 including a transparent hemispherical dome 13 preferably plastic, and a metal retainer .14 which serves to hold the dome 13 in place and .is threaded internally to detachably engage the housing body. The arched portion 14a of the dome 13 is a relatively narrow bridge and does not enclose the dome or interfere with essential visibility therethrough of the graduated time scale and indicator, nor of the trouble and violation flags. An annular gasket 15 is held against the peripheral edge of the dome 13 by means of a ring 16 which is threaded into the retainer 14, thus rendering the housing weatherti ht.

The meter mechanism M is a self-contained unit which can be withdrawn bodily from .the housing H. after firstremoving the dome 13, and it is appropriately located and removably held 'in place within the housing by means of a locating or positioning plate 18 (see Fig. 5), and a keeper 20 (see Fig. 4.). Some of the novel features of the present invention involve the locating plate 18 and the keeper 20, concerning which a detailed description will be given at a later point. The locating plate 18 serves, among other purposes, in co-operation with the keeper 20, to so position the meter mechanism that a manually operable element, constituting a coin inductor, in which is included a coin-receiving slit, registers with an opening 22 through the wall of the housing body 10, and at the same time functions to align the coin-discharge opening in the bottom of the :meter mechanism with the coin-receiving opening in the top of the coin box B, the object being to expedite servicing of the meters by making it possible for authorized employees to remove and replace the meter mechanisms quickly and without exercise of special skill. A circular plate 23 supported on the frame of the meter mechanism M serves to conceal from view the :apparatus therebelow, and provides aconspicuous surface for display of relevant parking regulations such as the hours during which parking tolls are required to be paid, and the prevailing exceptions.

All the component parts of the meter mechanism are supported, directly or indirectly, by an articulated frame work comprising primarily three laterally spaced plates 25, 26 and 27, a number of tubular spacers 28, .a number of tie bolts 29 which pass through the plates and the spacers, and a number of screws 30 which are threaded into the ends of the tie bolts 29. The exploded perspective view of Fig. 10 shows the :configurations of the three frame plates and serves, in conjunction with Figs. 79, to clarify the construction of the framework. For convenience. we may refer to the plate .25 .as the front plate, to the plate 27 as the back plate, and to the plate 26 as the intermediate plate.

Unused parking time is shown by a time indicator in the form of a pointer having an axis of rotation at 36 (see Figs. 1 and 6), and a graduated scale 37 which. for present purposes, may be considered as calibrated for two major units of time of one hour each. As viewed in Figs. 1 and 6, the zero indicia is at the righthand end of the scale, and the indicator 35 moves counterclockwise when the meter is being set, and clockwise when the meter is running down. The opposite holds true when the meter is viewed from the other side. Setting of the meter is accomplished by inserting either a major or minor coin in the coin-receiving slit 40 and depressing the manually operable coin inductor 41 in which the coin-receiving slit 40 is formed.

The coin inductor 41 which may take the form of a push plate and is sometimes so referred to hereinafter, is a cast metal part comprising a finger-engaging bridge portion 41a interconnecting two laterally spaced parallel arms 41b and 410 each of which is apertured at its lower extremity to engage a fulcrum. The fulcrum to which the arm 41b is connected is one of the tubular spacers 28, and the fulcrum to which the arm 41c is connected is a screw 42 which latter is one of the group which includes the screws 30 but has an extra long head to afford an adequate heavy surface for the arm 410 (see Figs. 8 and 10). The push plate 41 is biased outwardly by a spring 43 and normally assumes the outward position in which it is shown in Figs. 1 and 6. A pin 44 (see Fig. 10), projecting laterally from one side of the coin inductor functions to limit the reciprocatory movement thereof in both directions, and for that .purpose is extended through an arcuate slot 45 in the plate 26 (see Fig. 10).

A pusher link -46 is pivotally connected at one end to a lug 41:! which forms an integral part of the coin inductor 41 (see Figs. '10 and 15), and normally assumes the approximately horizontal position in which it is shown in Fig. 15. This link serves as a power transmitting medium between the .coin inductor 41 and a socalled power mechanism, which latter is energized in response to each inward movement of the coin inductor and thereupon utilizes its stored energy to rotate a coin carrier, which, in turn, is effective to set a timing mechanism proportionately .to the value of the deposited coin.

The power mechanism includes a power plate 48 (see especially Figs. 9 and 11) afiixed to a sleeve 49 with which it is rotatable and which is diametrically slotted at 50 (see Figs. 9 and 25a) to engage the medial portion of a ribbon power spring .51 where it is reversed and wound into coils whose opposite ends are slotted for engagement by hooks 51a which are inset from a sheet metal housing 52 detachably connected with capacity for rotative adjustment to the outer surface of the front frame plate 25 with the aid of rivets 52a. A spring so formed is doubly effective for supplying the :power desired for operation of the associated mechanism. The sleeve 49 is journaled in an opening in the plate 25 and, in turn, provides a bearing for a shaft 53 the function of which will later be explained.

A steel roller 54 is carried by a pin 55 which, in turn, is secured to one face of the power plate 48 at a point radially remote from its axis of rotation and is positioned for engagement by the free end of the pusher link 46 upon depression of the coin inductor 41. The free end of the pusher link is concaved to conform to the periphery of the roller 54 .(see Fig. 15) and this link is also provided with a tailpiece 46a which normally bears against a boss on the coin inductor 41 so as to be held in the position of Fig. 15 wherein it is adapted to engage the roller 54. A spring 47 serves to bias the pusher link 46 downwardly toward the normal position in which it is shown in Fig. 15. As the coin inductor 41 is pressed inwardly, the pusher link 46 engages the roller 54 and thus rotates the power plate 48 and the sleeve 49 through a predetermined distance, thereby energizing the power spring 51 so that when the power plate is released it will return to its normal position under the impetus of this spring. The normal position of the power plate is determined by a stop 57 (see Fig. 15) which normally engages a shoulder on the power plate.

A latch 60 (see Fig. 11), carried by and rotatable on a pivot 61 secured to the power plate 48, is biased by a spring 62 in the clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 15, and in the counterclockwise direction as viewed in Figs. 16-18 inclusive. This latch includes three radially projecting arms 69a, 60b and 600 (see Fig. 11). When the power plate is in its normal position (see Fig. 15) the arm 60b is pressed by the spring 62 against the stop 57; when, however, the power plate is moved away from the normal position of Fig. 15, the latch 50 is rotated by the spring 62 until the arm 60c is brought to bear against a stop pin 63 carried by and projecting laterally from the power plate. The function of the latch 60 will be explained in connection with a coin carrier 66 now to be considered.

The coin carrier is a self-contained sub-assembly and is shown most clearly, as an entirety, in Fig. 11. Many of the parts included in the coin carrier sub-assembly are separately shown in Fig. 11, it being impossible to illustrate clearly the entire assembled unit in a perspective view. The body of the coin carrier is identified as a whole by the reference numeral 66, and it consists principally of two outer plates 67 and 69 and an intermediate plate 68 fixedly secured together and rigidly mounted on a bushing 70 which is rotatable on the sleeve 49 forming part of the power mechanism (see Figs. 9 and 11). The sleeve 49 has an annular groove at its inner end for reception of a snap-on washer 72 which serves to hold the coin carrier in place on the sleeve 49. A coiled torsion spring 73 '(see Fig. 11) is mounted on the bushing 70 (see Fig. 9), and has its two ends connected respectively to the power plate and to the plate 67 of the coin carrier. This spring serves to bias the coin carrier toward its normal coin-receiving position and consequently functions to return the coin carrier to that position after it has been rotated by the power mechanism to the coin-discharge position and then released.

The three coin carrier plates 67, 68 and 69 are so contoured that they form con'ointly a coin-receiving pocket 75 designed to receive both major and minor coins, one at a time. This pocket opens peripherally of the carrier at a locationwhich registers with the coin-receiving slit 40 in the coin inductor, i. e., the push plate 41, when the coin carrier is in its normal coin-receiving position (see Figs. 11 and 15-17 inclusive). V

If the coin carrier were unrestrained it would rotate under the impetus of the power spring 51 and, in the opposite direction, under the impetus of its restoring spring 73 (see Fig. 11) at excessively high speeds such that there would be no release of a minor coin from a rocker arm, and a faulty operation of a counter, both to be hereinafter described in detail. For these reasons means have been provided for retarding the rotation of the coin carrier in both directions. This consists of a somewhat massive rocker 76 mounted on a rocker-shaft 77 and provided with two escapement pallets 78 and 79 which engage a series of V-shaped teeth 69a on the periphery of the carrier plate 69 (see Fig. 11). The two ends of the rocker-shaft 77 are reduced to form trunnions which are journaled in openings provided therefor in the front and intermediate frame plates and 26 (see Fig. 7). As the carrier rotates, the rocker 76 is oscillated by the alternate action of the teeth 69a on the pallets 78 and 79. The rotational inertia of the rocker 76 determines its oscillation period with respect to any assumed torsional force acting on the coin carrier; hence the speed of rotation of the coin carrier can be increased or decreased by proportionately increasing or decreasing the rotational inertia of the rocker 76.

The carrier plate 67 has a radially projecting arm 6712 (see Fig. 11) which normally rests against the rocker shaft 77. A thlmble 80 is attached to and projects laterally from the frame plate 26 (see Fig. 7), and is concentric with the rocker shaft 77. The arm 67a constitutes a stop means which determines the normal rotational position of the coin carrier wherein it is adapted to receive in its coin pocket 75a coin which is passed thereto through the coin-receiving slit 40 of the inductor 4 1.

The carrier plate 67 has alaterally projecting pin 82 on which is mounted a small roller 83 which is in the path of the free end of the arm a of the latch 60 when the latter is so biased by the spring 62 (see Fig. 15) t that its arm 60c rests against the stop pin 63 (see Fig. 17). When the power plate isbeing rotated away from its normal position of Fig. 15 toward the alternate rotative position shown in Fig. 16, the latch 60 is deflected rotationally, the carnming action of the roller 83 bearing against the arm 60a, thus allowing the latch to escape said roller. Just before the power plate is released by disengagement of the roller 54 from the pusher link 46, and is about to return to its normal position under the impetus of the power spring 51, the free end of the latch arm 69a clears the roller 83 whereupon the latch 60 is rotated by its biasing spring 62 to a position wherein the arm 60c bears against the stop pin 63. As shown in Fig. 17, the free end of the arm 60a is in a position to drivably engage the roller 83, thus coupling the coin carrier to the power plate. Immediately after the latch 60 has assumed the position of Fig. 17, the power plate is released by an over-center movement of the pusher link 46 which is brought about by the action thereon of the pin 56 (see Fig. 16). During the return movement of the power plate the coin carrier is rotated bodily from its normal coin-receiving position to its alternate coindlscharge position as illustrated in Fig. 18. This movement of the coin carrier is effected by the power mechanism by virtue of the roller 83 being drivably engaged by the latch 60. While the coin carrier is being rotated from its normal coin-receiving position to its alternate coin-discharge position the power plate is rotating from its alternate position to the normal position thereof shown in Fig. 15. Upon near completion of the return movement of the power plate, the latch arm 60b strikes the stop 57, and the latch is thus rotated in a direction to release the roller 83, wereupon the coin carrier returns to its normal position under the impetus of its restoring spring 73 (see Fig. 17).

The coin in the pocket 75 of the coin carrier must be held in place while the carrier is rotating from its normal coin-receiving position to its alternate coin-discharge position, and yet in such a way that it will be quickly .ejected when the coin carrier arrives at the coin-disc g p t o o s e co n mus be held at a predetermined distance from the center of rotation of the coin carrier, i. e., the major axis of the meter, so that it will, in turn, hold the coin gauge (to be hereafter described in detail) in a proper position so that the time indicator will be moved to an extent corresponding either to a major coin or a minor coin, depending upon which kind of coin has been deposited. To these ends there is provided a coin track partially encircling the coin carrier and constituting a curved coin-supporting surface 85 in line with the coin pocket 75 in the coin carrier body 66 and formed on one edge of a plate 86 (see Fig. 13) which is held between two additional plates 87 and 88 which together provide coin guide walls to prevent excessivelateral displacement of the coins as they proceed along the coin track. The three plates 86-S8 are supported on some of the tie bolts 29 and jointly held in position laterally by certain of the tubular spacers 28. As shown in several of the figures (for example Fig. 22) the coin track 85 is spaced at some distance radially from the periphery of the coin carrier and is effective to hold the coin only partially extended into the coin carrier pocket.

The coin gauge Referring now more particularly to Figs. 11 and 1925, attention is directed to the so-called coin gauge whose primary function is to differentiate between major and minor coins and thus determine the extent to which the time indicator shall be rotatively displaced in response to each coin insertion and accompanying actuation of the push plate 41. In previous parking meters the coin gauge has consisted of a single spring-biased arm pivotally connected to and carried by the coin carrier, but here it consists, instead, of an assemblage comprising two arms (see Fig. 11) which are identified respectively by the reference numerals 90 and 91. The entire assemblage includes, additionally, a spool-like spacer 92 around which is coiled a wire spring 93, and a pin 94 which functions as a pivot and extends through apertures in each of the two arms and through the bore of the spacer 92. This pin is formed with an end portion of reduced diameter which passes through an opening 95 in the carrier body plates 67 and 68 and is staked at the end to effect a firm attachment to the carrier body. An edgewise view of the assembled coin gauge is shown in Fig. 8.

The arm 90 has a laterally projecting finger 90a which is disposed within the coin pocket 75 in the path of the inserted coin, and a second laterally projecting finger 90b designed to co-operate with a complementary finger 91:: on the arm 91, the latter overlapping the finger 90b in the manner shown in Figs. 11 and 19. The spring 93 bears at its end 93a against the periphery of the projecting end of the bushing 70 from whence it extends upwardly around the spool 92 in the counterclockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 19, thence around a lug 900 on the arm 90 in the counterclockwise direction, and thence again around the spool 92, but in the clockwise direction. The opposite end 93b of the spring bears against the finger 91a. With this spring arrangement, involving as it does only one spring, the arm 90 is biased outwardly so that the finger 90a normally assumes a position adjacent the periphery of the coin carrier (see Fig. 19) while the arm 91 is biased in the opposite direction. When the finger 90a is pressed inwardly of the coin carrier the arm 90 will rotate in the counterclockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 19, and the arm 91 will at the same time rotate in the same direction, due to its spring bias. Since the only force tending to rotate the arm 91 in the counterclockwise direction is that exerted by the spring 93, the arm 90 is accordingly free to rotate counterclockwise independently of the arm 91 if anything should interfe-re with rotation of the latter arm in that direction. Under certain conditions there may be interference with rotation of the arm 91 in the counterclockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 19, hence the use of two arms 90 and 91 instead of a single arm as here tofore.

The time indicator setting mechanism and timing gear train or brake The shaft 53 (see Fig. 9) whose axis of rotation coincides with the major axis of the meter mechanism is journaled in the intermediate frame plate 26 as well as in the sleeve 49, and fixedly secured to this shaft is a disc-like member 96 which constitutes the driven eledisc 96 inFig. 11.

ment of a unidirectional clutch through whose agency the shaft is rotatable only in one direction. The 'direction of such rotation is indicated by the arrow on the member 96 in Fig. 11 or in the'counterclockwise'direction as viewed from the coin carrier. Attached to the end of the shaft 53 adjacent the intermediate frame plate 26 by means of a left-hand screw 97 is a flexible coupling 98 which, in turn, is connected to the driving shaft of a brake mechanism 99 comprising a gear train 100 together with an escapement 101 and a balance wheel 102. The brake mechanism 99 which is a self-contained unit of familiar construction is detachably mounted on the rear frame plate 27. Its function is to regulate the rate of return of the time indicator 35, and it is capable of adjustment by altering the tension of a hairspring in generally the same way that an ordinary timepiece is adjusted. The coupling 98includes a driving disc 104, a driven disc 105, and an intermediate disc 106 interposed between the driving and driven discs and having four peripheral notches 106a arranged in quadrature and engaged by laterally projecting ears 104a and 105a formed on the driving and driven discs, respectively (see Fig. 11a). Such a coupling will operate satisfactorily even when there is some axial misalignment of the main shaft and brake mechanism, and so is advantageous on this account. The driven disc 105 is provided with a central hub 107 which is internally threaded to engage the correspondingly threaded end of a driven shaft 108 constituting part of the brake mechanism 99' (see Fig. 9). The entire brake mechanism, including the driven shaft 108, is enclosed within a sheet metal housing 109 which is detachably secured'to the rear frame plate 27 by means of threescrews 110. By"virtue of .the coupling 98, the brakemechanism 99, together with the driven disc 105, is immediately withdrawable upon removal of the three screws 110. Replacement of the brake mechanism, in event of trouble therewith, can consequently be effected in a minimum of time.

A sleeve 112 (see Fig. 9) loosely mounted on the shaft 53 has affixed to it a spur gear 113, a ratchet wheel 114, and'a cup-like sheet metal housing 115 which latter encloses the clutch disc 96 and serves as the driving member of the clutch. The clutch disc 96 (see Fig. 11) is provided with two diametrically opposite notches 960. each designed to receive a U-shaped leaf spring v116; and this disc is further cut away to form at opposite sides of its axis of rotation two parallel chord surfaces 96b each forming a track on which is positioned one of two rollers 118. These rollers are positioned in the plane of'the disc 96 within the housing 115, and the chords of the two surfaces 96b are such as to form with the housing two roller-chambers of'radially graduated width so that, when the housing 115 is rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow on the disc 96' in Fig. 11, the two rollers are gripped between the respective surfaces 96b and the internal annular surface of the housing 115. Upon rotation of the housing'115 in the direction indicated, the disc 96 is locked thereto by therollers 118 and is thus caused to rotate with the housing in that direction. When the housing 115 'is rotated in the opposite direction, however, the rollers 118 are not gripped between the two surfaces 96b and the internal annular surface of the housing because the rollers are then being urged toward the wide ends of their respective roller chambers wherein the radial spacing between the grip ping surfacesis greater thanthe diameter of the ,enclosed roller. The clutch disc 96 is therefore not effecttve to transmit motion in the opposite direction.

The shaft 53 is enlarged in diameter at 53a (see Fig. 9) to form a shoulder for'locating the clutch ,disc 96 which is pressed onto the shaft. Loosely mounted on the shaft enlargement 53a are a circular plate 119 and a sleeve 120 to the latter of which is firmly afiixed acireular d sc 121 having a radiallyexte'nding arm 121a. A spiral spring 122 disposed within the housing115 is an- 'choredby means of a square aperture 122a (seeFig. 11) to an inwardly projecting ear on the housing, and the inner end of this spring is similarly anchored to the sleeve 120. The .arm' 121a rests upon oneiof the frame spacers 28 (see Fig. 9) against which it is pressed by torsion force of the spring 122. Thes'pring 122 continuously urgesthe'l-tousin'g 115 andspurgearllfa'inthe directtonof rotationindicated by the arrow on'thejclutch h V Aspre's'ently willbe madejclear, the spr1ng122 is the return spring for the time indicator 35.

It is at all timespartially wound and thus partially ener- 'gized, but becomes further energized in response to rotation of the housing in the direction indicated by the arrow on the ratchet wheel 114 in Fig. 11', this direction being opposite to that indicated by thearrow on the clutchdisc 96in the same figure.

A'semi-circular edge portion of the housing 115 is cut away to a depth equal to the thickness of the disc 121 to form two diametrically opposite shoulders 115a which afford stop surfaces co-operating with the arm 121ato limit the distance of rotation of the housing and of the'gear 113 and ratchet wheel 114 (see Fig. 11) to facilitate assembly of these parts. The maximum possible rotation of these three components is considerably less than one-half turn. The actual maximum rotation is even less, being of the order of 140. As shown in the drawings, for instance Fig. 23, the gear 113 is meshed with'a gear sector 124 affixed to a shaft 125 which also carries the time indicator 35. Rotation of the gear 113 is necessarily accompanied by rotation of the sector 124, the shaft 125, and the time indicator 35; the time indicator35 is biased -by the spring 122 toward the zero scale position; and rotation of the ratchet wheel 114 in the direction indicatedby the arrow in Fig. 11' results ina'corresponding'movement of the time indicator 35 away from thezero s'c'ale position, and to a corresponding extent.

Anflexternally flanged ring 126 (see Fig. 9) pressed onto onefend Of the sleeve 112 serves as a retainer for a time control plate 128 and a bellcrank 129, both of which are rotatable on the ring 126 relatively to the ratchet wheel 114 and gear 113. This time control plate (see Fig.11) has an arcuate slot' 128a therethrough which clears the shank of ascrew 130 threaded into a tapped hole in the ratchet wheel 114 and by means of which the time control plate can be secured against rotation relatively to the ratchet wheel in any rotative position within the limits determined by thelength of the slot 128a. Provision is thereby made for adjusting the time control plate relative to the ratchet wheel so as to vary the unit of time during which the mechanism will operate in response to actuation by a major coin. The time control plate 128 has two peripheral teeth 132 and 133 rotatively spaced to a degree corresponding to one-half of the total "dista'nceof rotation of the gear .113 or, otherwise stated, onei-halfthetotal arcuate sweep of the time indicator 35. The coin gauge arm 91 has a laterally projecting ear 91b which overlaps the time control plate 128 in the direction parallel ,to the axis of rotation thereof; and

. whe'nthe ,coin' gauge, including both arms 90 and 91, is

pressed inwardly by a major coin, as shown in Fig. 21,

the ear 91b'is so positioned radially that it is operative to engage one or the'other of the two teeth 132 or 133, depending upon which of the two teeth is then in position to be so engaged, and will efifect such engagement when the coin carrier is thereafter rotated by the power mechanism in the manner previously explained.

When the meter is fully run down, the tooth 132 is so positioned that, upon rotation of the coin carrier with a majorcoin therein, it will be engaged by the ear 91b, and the time control plate, together with the ratchet wheel 114, gear 113, andhou sing 115, will consequently befrotated through a distance sufficient to displace the time indicator 35 to an extent corresponding to' a major unit of time, usually one hour. Rotation of the time control plate results in shifting the rotative position of the two teeth so that the tooth 133 then occupies the position previously occupied by the tooth 132; and if a second major coin is promptly deposited and the push plate 41 is depressed, as before, the ear' 91b will engage the'tooth 133 and, as a result, the time indicator will befurther displaced to an extent corresponding to a second majorunit of time of the same duration as the first-mentioned majorvunit. If, on the contrary, there is a considerable ,delay between the deposit of the first a coin counter which functions to totalize the deposited indicator.

1 13 coinsin minor coin units. The free end of the arm'129a is approximately co-terminous with the teeth 132 and 133 and consequently when the time control plate 128 is rotated, as a result of engagement of one of its teeth by the coin gauge ear 9117, the free end of the arm 129a will also be engaged by this ear, and the bellcrank will accordingly be rotated. The mechanism whereby the coin counter is actuated to record receipt of a major coin in response to rotation of the bellcrank 129 will be discussed in detail at a later point.

Operation with a minor coin Special reference is now made to Figs. 9, l3 and 23-25 in conjunction with the ensuing description of mechanism having to do specifically with setting of the meter in response to a minor coin, and explanation of the mode of operation thereof.

The diameter of a minor coin is enough smaller than that of a major coin so that the coin gauge is not pressed inwardly thereby far enough to enable the coin gauge ear 91b to engage either tooth 132 or 133. The ratchet wheel 114 has a series of peripheral ratchet teeth 134 engageable by a pawl 135 having a toothengaging lug 135a. This pawl comprises two parallel arms 13511 and 135s which are laterally spaced and joined together by a bridge portion 135d. The arm 1350 is notched to form a shoulder at 136 which is positioned for engagement by the ear 91b of the coin gauge arm 91 whenever the coin carrier is rotated with a minor coin, as illustrated in Figs. 23-25. The pawl 135 is pivotally connected at 137 to the distal end of an arm 138 which is mounted for free rotation on a bushing 139 fixedly secured to and carried by a shaft 140 (see Fig. 9). A spring 142 having one end connected to the arm 135i) and the other end anchored to a finger 141a on a bracket 141, serves normally to hold the pawl 135 and the arm 138 in the retracted positions shown in Fig. 23 where the coin carrier occupies its normal coin-receiving position with a minor coin inserted therein. Fig. 24 shows the condition which obtains when the coin carrier is partially rotated with a minor coin, the ear 91b being about to engage the shoulder 136 on the pawl 135. Fig. shows a condition which obtains after the ear 91b has engaged the shoulder 136 of the pawl 135 and the coin carrier has completed its rotary movement. When the ear 91b encounters the shoulder 136 the pawl 135 is rotated clockwise about its pivot 137 until the lug 135a is seated in a notch between two of the ratchet teeth 134; thereafter the force imparted to the pawl 135 by the coin gauge produces rotation of the ratchet wheel 114 and concurrent rotation of the gear 113. Because the pawl 135 is precluded from further rotation after engaging the ratchet wheel 114, any further movement thereof by the coin gauge causes the arm 138 to rotate from the normal position in which it is shown in Fig. 23 to the alternate position of Fig. 25. The rotative displacement of the ratchet wheel 114 effected by a single actuation of the pawl 135 in response to a minor coin, is a proportional part of the angular displacement thereof which occurs in response to a major coin. For example, if the value of the minor coin is one-fifth that of the major coin, the mechanism would ordinarily be so designed that the distance of rotation of the ratchet wheel 114 effected by a single actuation of the pawl 135 is one-fifth the distance of rotation thereof effected in response to a major coin. anism otherwise, so as to cause a disproportionate displacement of the ratchet wheel in return for a minor coin.

The coin counter and counter actuating mechanism The coin counter per so which is identified as a whole by reference numeral 145 is shown in perspective in Fig. 13. It is removably attached to and supported by the rear frame plate 27 at the location shown in Fig. 7, and operates to count the coins in relation to the number deposited, and not in relation to the time registered on the This device includes a driven spur pinion 146 which is continuously in mesh with a spur gear 147, and rotation of the pinion 146 is effective to actuate the counter and thus cause the numerical reading to progress in proportion to rotative advance of the gear 147. To register a major coin on the counter, the gear 147 must rotate through a distance which is proportionate to the value of the major coin, and likewise to register a minor coin the gear 147 must rotate through a distance which is proportionate to the value of the minor coin.

It is optional, however, to design the mech-' Referring now to the bellcrank 129 (see Fig. 11'), it has been previously noted that when the coin gauge ear 91b engages one of the two teeth 132 or 133 on the time control plate 128 it also engages the free end portion of the bellcrank arm 129a, being thus adapted to rotate the bellcrank at the same time that it rotates the time control plate. The ear 91b also engages the arm 129a and one or the other of the teeth 132 or 133 only when a major coin is in the coin carrier. The bellcrank 129 is never displaced from its normal position save in response to the deposit of a major coin.

A sheet metal rocker 148 (see Fig. 13) which is freely rotatable on the bushing 139 (see Fig. 9) includes an arm 148a which is apertured to receive the laterally projecting lower end of a link 149 the upper end of which engages an aperture in the short arm 12% of the bellcrank 129, as clearly shown in Figs. 19 and 21. The rocker 148 also includes a pair of laterally projecting fingers 1481) and 1480 the function of which will be explained later.

Fixedly secured to and rotatable with the sleeve 139 is a small ratchet Wheel 150; and attached to the rocker 148 is a spring pawl 151 the free end of which engages the teeth of the ratchet wheel 150 (see Figs. 13, 19, and 21). A spring dog 154 anchored to the plate 88 has its free end engaged with the teeth of the same ratchet wheel and serves to prevent reverse rotation thereof. Inasmuch as the gear 147 is aflixed to the shaft which, in turn, is affixed to the bushing 139 which also is afiixed to the ratchet 150, rotation of the rocker 148 in the clockwise direction, as viewed in Figs. 19 and 21, will effect a corresponding rotation of the gear 147 and also a commensurate progression of the coin counter 145. Each rotation of the bellcrank 129 by the coin gauge will cause the rocker 148 to be rotated clockwise through the agency of the link 149, and will also effect a rotation of the gear 147 sufficiently to actuate the coin counter to an extent corresponding to a major coin irrespective of the position of the indicator 35.

Freely rotatable on the bushing 139 is a second sheet metal rocker 152. This has an upstanding arm 152a on which are formed two parallel laterally projecting cars 1521) spaced apart to loosely embrace the arm 138. This rocker further includes a second arm 152a having a laterally projecting finger 152d and a third arm 152e to the rear face of which, as viewed in Figs. 13 and 23, is secured a spring pawl 153 the free end of which engages the teeth of the ratchet wheel 150. There are two pawls, 151 and 153, and a spring dog 154 all engaging the teeth of the ratchet wheel 150.

The normal position of the rocker 152 is that shown -in Fig. 23 wherein the left-hand ear 152b bears against the adjacent side of the arm 138. As this arm is rotated toward the position shown in Fig. 25, in response to minor coin actuation, it'tardily engages the right-hand ear 152b and thus produces a clockwise rotation of the rocker 152 through a small distance. This occurs during the final portion of the driving movement of the pawl 135 which is effected when the meter is set with a minor coin. During this clockwise rotation of the rocker 152 the ratchet wheel is rotated by the pawl 153, but the extent of its rotation is only a fraction of the distance through which it is rotated by the pawl 151 in response to rotation of the rocker 148. The ratio of the two distances of rotation of the ratchet wheel 150 effected respectively by the rockers 148 and 152 corresponds with the ratio of the major and minor coin values. The coin counter is progressed by the lesser rotation of the ratchet wheel 150 to an extent commensurate with the value of a minor coin.

The bracket 141 (see Fig. 13) provides an outboard bearing for the shaft 140, and is rigidly secured to the plate 88 by means of two screws 141b. The part 159 (see Figs. 9 and 13) serves only as a spacer. A cantilever wire spring 157 (see Fig. 19) is anchored at one end to the plate 87 and engages at its other end the finger 148]. This spring functions to bias the rocker 148 counterclockwise toward the position shown in Fig. 19. It also lla iases1 the bellcrank 129 toward its normal position (see The coin arresting and release mechanism The front frame plate 25 has a rectangular opening 155 (see Figs. 1, 6 and 10) which registers with a window (not shown) in the housing H; and the plate 87 which is spaced rearwardly of the front frame plate 25 has two circular openings 156 and 157 in registration with the opening 155 the purpose being to make visible the last-deposited major and minor coins, thus enabling the attending officer to ascertain whether the operator of a parked car has deposited a proper coin. Both coins are thus exposed to view, and if a slug of major size has succeeded in purchasing time it must be replaced by a major, not a minor, coin for proper operation.

The two plates 87 and 88 are spaced laterally by the plate 86 on which is formed the coin track 85, and also by a spacer strip 89 of the same thickness as the plate 86 (see Fig. 13). The thickness of the plate 86 and spacer strip 89 is slightly greater than that of a ma or coin, as is also the plate 68 of the coin carrier which is aligned with the plates 86 and 89 (see Fig. 9). Otherwise stated, the coin carrier pocket 75 (see Fig. 11) is aligned laterally with the coin track 85.

When the coin carrier has rotated about 90 from the coin-receiving position in which it is shown in Figs. 19 and 23 to the coin-discharge position of Figs. 21 and 25, the coin is ejected downwardly by the force of gravity. The descending coin passes through the space between the plates 87 and 88 until it either strikes a stop 158 (which is an ear formed on the plate 88 projecting into the coin passageway) or until it strikes a coin held in the passageway and is deflected thereby. Assuming that there is no previously-deposited coin in the meter, when either a major or minor coin drops from the carrier it will strike the stop 158 and will be deflected thereby to one side or the other. If the first-deposited coin is a major coin L, as shown in Figs. 19-22, it will bounce off the stop 158 to the right, as per Fig. 19. This it will normally do because the stop 158 is positioned slightly to the left of the descending major coin. In that event the coin will be caught on an ear 1480 which forms an integral part of the rocker 148 and projects laterally therefrom underneath the arcuately curved edge surface 88c formed on the plate 88, and thus into the path of the descending coin. The position in which the coin L is held by the ear 148a and stop 158 in Fig. 19 is in registration with the opening 156, and the coin is accordingly visible through the opening 155 and the window in the meter housing. If another major coin be deposited in the meter while the previous major coin L is held by the ear 148e, as shown in Fig. 19, operation of the meter with a major coin will produce clockwise rotation of the rocker 148 from the position of Fig. 19 to that of Fig. 21, and the ear 1480 will move to the left (see Fig. 21) and release the previously deposited coin L while the ear 148b moves in the same direction to a position wherein it is effective to intercept the lastdeposited coin. When the rocker 148 is immediately thereafter returned to its normal position (see Fig. 19) as a result of the return movement of the coin carrier, the last-deposited coin is released by the ear 14% and allowed to drop, but is immediately intercepted by the car 148:. In Fig. 19 a major coin L is shown supported on the ear 148a and stop 158, conjointly. In Fig. 21 the same coin L is shown dropping from the meter as a result of the clockwise movement of the finger 148a; and in the same figure a later-deposited major coin L is shown supported on the car 1481:. When the rocker 148 returns to the position of Fig. 19, as it does incidentally to the return of the coin carrier to normal position, the coin L will be released from the position in which it is shown in Fig. 21 and will descend to the position of the coin L in Fig. 19.

When there is no previously-deposited coin in the meter, if a minor coin S is deposited it will take the same course as that previously described with reference to a major coin and will thus appear at the opening 156. It is an unusual condition, however, not to have a coin resting on the ear 148e, as shown in Fig. 19, and one which can obtain only when the meter is first put into service or in event of the coins being removed by a service man and not replaced before the meter is put back into service. Therefore, except for the rare instances mentioned above, there is always a major coin L resting on the ear 148e, as shown in Fig. 19, whenever a minor coin S is deposited.

Under normal conditions when a minor coin S descends from the coin carrier (see Fig. 23) it strikes the previously-deposited coin L and is deflected to the left, and then comes to rest on the ear 152d where it is in regisposition of Fig. 27 under the tration with the opening 157 (see Fig. 1). Under the same normal conditions there is always a minor coin resting on the ear 152d; and when the rocker 152 is rotated clockwise from the position of Fig. 23 to that of Fig. 25, the ear 152d is moved sufficiently to the left (see Fig. 25) to release the previously-deposited minor coin. The rocker 152 is not displaced from its normal position until the coin carrier has reached nearly the end of its counterclockwise rotation, and it is thereafter quickly released for return to normal position. Consequently, a complete operation of this rocker takes place so rapidly that the ear 152d is in position to intercept the last-deposited minor coin immediately following discharge of the previously-deposited minor coin, and before the last-deposited coin can descend far enough to escape interception. While it is necessary to provide two cars on the rocker 148 to intercept and release major coins, such is not the case for the interception and release of minor coins, due to the rapid action of the rocker 152.

The trouble flag The shaft (see especially Figs. 9, l4 and 26) is journaled for rocking movement at its opposite ends in the front frame plate 25 and the intermediate frame plate 26, and mounted for free rotation on this shaft is a U- shaped member 160, best shown in Fig. 14. The member 160 comprises two parallel arms 160a and 1601; the former of which includes a flag portion 160a which preferably is painted some distinctive color so that it will readily be seen when in exposed position. The arm 16% carries a laterally projecting pin 161 the function of which will be explained later.

As best shown in Figs. 2729, the power plate 48 is contoured to provide a peripheral cam surface 162 which includes an arcuate mid-portion 162a concentric with its center of rotation and terminating in two tangential end portions 16221 and 1620. The bottom edge of the arm 160a rests on the cam surface 162 and normally overlies the portion 16212 thereof, as shown in Fig. 27. When thus disposed the flag 1600 is down and out of sight; but when the power plate 48 is rotated to its alternate position, as shown in Fig. 28, the cam portion 162a ro tates the member 160 clockwise, thus causing the flag 1600 to rise to a position in which it is visible. If for any reason the power plate should fail to return (arising perhaps from a jammed coin carrier or a broken power spring) the flag 160c will remain up and thus inform the attending ofiicer that the meter is out of order. This device constitutes one of the novel features of this invention.

The coin carrier locking mechanism In prior meter constructions it has been possible to produce a limited rotation of the coin carrier through use of two coins and thus obtain a certain amount of parking time without forfeiting either coin. In such circumstances the coin gauge would be depressed sutficiently to render it effective to actuate the time-setting mechanism, and the coin carrier to be rotated independently of the power mechanism sufiiciently to obtain some parking time, but without rotating the coin carrier far enough to discharge either coin. Any such attempted fraudulent operation is prevented in the present meter by a mechanical arrangement which locks the coin carrier in its com-receiving position until just an instant prior to the moment when it must be released to permit rotation thereof by the power mechanism, thus making it impossible to unlock the coin carrier without causing it to be rotated by the power mechanism to its coin-discharge posltion.

Referring first to Fig. 11, the coin carrier intermediate plate 68 is notched to form a shoulder at 68a; and now referring to Fig. 27, wherein both the coin carrier 66 and the power plate 48 are shown in normal position, the arm 16% of the U-shaped member 160 is so positioned that its free end engages the shoulder 68a in such manner that it is effective to prevent clockwise rotation of the coin carrier.

In Fig. 28 the power plate 48 is in an alternate positron wherein the pusher link 46 is about to disengage the roller 54 and thus allow the power plate to return to the impetus of the power spring 51. The member 160 is here shown to have been rotated clockwise by the cam surface 162c to such an extent that the arm 16% is out of the path of the shoulder 68a. When the power plate 48 starts its return movement, the

coin carrier is then free to rotate therewith. Fig. 29 shows the coin carrier in its coin-discharge position and the power plate 48 in its normal position the coin carrier being about to return to the normal position of Fig. 27. By suitable configuration of the cam surface 1620, as shown, the arm 16011 is operative to release the coin carrier only an instant before the power plate is released to return to its normal position, and for that reason it is practically impossible for anyone to unlock the coin carrier by depressing the manually operable coin inductor 41 without at the same time releasing the power plate. It would be even more difficult to do so while at the same time trying to rotate the coin carrier by means of two coins, or by a specially shaped instrument inserted through the coin slit 40.

As previously explained, the trouble flag 160c is elevated when the power plate 48 is in its alternate position, as per Fig. 28, and in the event of failure of the power plate to return to normal the trouble flag will remain up. The trouble flag is also effective to signal a failure of the coin carrier to return to its normal position. The coin carrier plate 68 has an arcuate peripheral surface 681; terminating at the shoulder 68a, and the lower edge of the arm 160b comes to rest on this arcuate surface immediately upon commencement of the clockwise rotation of the coin carrier (see Fig. 29). The trouble flag is thus held in elevated position until the coin carrier has virtually completed its return movement. If for any reason the coin carrier should fail to return, the trouble flag will then remain up and thereby indicate an abnormal condition.

The arrangement for locking the coin carrier and automatically unlocking the same at the proper instant, and the arrangement for operating the trouble fiag in event of failure of the coin carrier to return, constitute two of the features of the present invention.

The violation flag and operating mechanism therefor It is desirable to have the violation flag in an elevated position when withdrawn from view, and also to position the time indicator 35 so that it is visible from two opposite sides of the meter. In the accomplishment of these ends we incorporate in the structure two similar dial plates 165 each of which, as best shown in Fig. 10, consists of an arch-like sheet metal stamping to at least one face of which is applied a graduated scale 37. The two ends of each dial plate are notched at 165a so that each may embrace one of the two upper tie bolts 29; and the dial plates are clamped between adjacent spacers 28 and thus firmly secured in place, although easily removable upon loosening of the two upper tie bolts.

The two dial plates 165 are in parallel spaced relation, as best shown in Figs. 7 and 8, and positioned intermediately thereof are the time indicator 35 and a violation fiag member 166. The latter may be a sheet metal stamping affixed to a tubular hub 167 and, as shown, it comprises an upwardly extending arm 166a, including the flag 166b, per se, and two more or less parallel additional arms 166a and 166d. These two arms extend obliquely in a downward direction from the hub 167 when the flag is in its visible position, as per Fig. 27, but otherwise they extend horizontally, or approximately so, as per Figs. 2830. The arm 1660 has a lateral finger 166:: which projects through an arcuate slot 26a in the intermediate frame plate 26, and this slot cooperates with the finger 166a to limit the distance of rotation of the flag member 166 in both directions. The hub 167 of the flag member is provided with a tubular bushing 167a the bore of which slidably fits one of the two upper tie bolts 29. It will be apparent that the flag member is freely rotatable about the axis of the hub 167, and that when rotated clockwise, as viewed for example in Fig. 27, to the limit permitted by the slot 26a and the finger 1662, the flag 16612 is clearly visible. Also, when rotated counterclockwise to the alternate limit permitted by the slot 26 1, the flag 166k is hidden from view by the two dial plates 165 (see Figs. 2831).

The time indicator 35 is affixed to a hub 168 (see Fig. 9) which, in turn, is affixed to the shaft 125: and the toothed sector 124 is also mounted on this hub and secured between two friction washers 169 and 170. This sector is not rigidly aflixed to the hub 168, but the frictional coupling therewith is sufficient so that the hub and thetime indicator 35 normally rotate with the sector 124, while at the same time allowing the time indicator and the hub to be forcibly rotated relatively to the sector for the purpose of adjusting the indicator with reference to the graduated time scale 37. One side of the hub 168 is made fiat in a plane parallel to its axis of rotation (see Figs. 14, 26 and 31), the flat surface being identified by reference numeral 168a. Its purpose will presently be made clear.

In prior meter constructions the violation flag has been directly actuated by the manually operable element corresponding to the push plate 41 of the present application, and when properly operated the flag-raising mechanisms employed in those meters worked satisfactorily; but through tricky manipulation of the manually operable element it has been possible to set such a meter without raising the violation flag. It is a feature of the present invention to provide for actuation of the violation flag in a manner which avoids all possibility of faulty operation, or failure of operation, resulting from irregular or tricky manipulation of the manually operable element.

A U-shaped rocker member 172 is supported at one end on the shaft and at the other end on the hub 168, being freely rotatable through a limited are relatively to both said shaft and hub. The pin 161 projecting laterally from the arm 16% of the member is so positioned that when this member is rotated clockwise from the normal position of Fig; 27 to that shown in Fig. 28, said pin will engage the adjacent edge surface of the rocker member 172 and rotate the latter clockwise. The rocker member, in turn, engages the under side of the arm 166d of the flag member 166 and rotates the latter counterclockwise so that the fiag 166b is elevated to the position in which it is shown in Figs. 28-31, wherein it is hidden from view by the two dial plates 165. e

Counterclockwise rotation of the power plate 48- (see Fig. 28) is effective to lift the flag, and the immediately ensuing clockwise rotation of the coin carrier is effective momentarily to hold the member 160 in its off-normal position during the return of the power plate .to its normal position. However, as soon as the coin carrier has returned to its coin-receiving position the member 160 is restored to the position shown in Fig. 27 because the coin carrier plate 68 is then no longer effective to hold'the arm 16% in its elevated position. In the absence of means to the contrary, the violation flag 1661; would return to the down position as soon as the coin carrier has completed its return movement, but such an operation should not be permitted because the flag is to remain invisible until the time on the meter has expired.

The ratchet wheel 114 (see Figs. 11, 30 and 31) has a notch 114a defining a ledge at 114b and a shoulder 114s. This shoulder normally engages the thimble 80 (see Fig. 19) with which it co-operates to limit the rotation in one direction of the sub-assembly including the ratchet wheel 114, gear 113. clutch housing 115, and the time control plate 128. When the coin carrier with a coin therein is rotated from coin-receiving to coin-discharge position, the above-indicated sub-assembly is rotated in the clockwise direction (see Figs. 30 and 31) through a distance commensurate with the value of the coin. When the ratchet wheel 114 is in the position indicating a fully-expired meter condition, the shoulder 1140 rests against the thimble 80 and the ledge 114b-is so positioned that the adiacent portion of the rocker member 172 overlies the notch 114a. Consequently, until the meter is again energized the rocker member 172 is without support, except at the ends which are pivotally connected to the shaft 125 and the hub 168; and there is accordin ly nothing to retain the violation flag in its concealed position.

Now considering a condition wherein the violation flag has been raised as a result of rotation of the power plate 48 and is momentarily held in an'elevated position by the coin carrier plate 68 acting on the arm 16%, it will be apparent that the rocker member 172 is then in a position to clear the ledge 114b. Therefore, when the ratchet Wheel 114 is rotated clockwise bythe coin carrier, through the agency of the coin gauge, the peripheral sector 114d (see Fig. 31) will at once move to a position underneath the rocker member 172 and thus'provide a support therefor which takes the place of the support initially afforded by the pin 161. We have accordingly devised a simple expedient which serves to provide support for the violation flag during that portion of themovement of the ratchet Wheel 114 when it will not function to hold the violation'flag in fully elevated position. This expedient involves co-operative interaction between the hub'168 and the free end of the arm -166d. When the time indicator IS at and near the zero end of the dial scale (see Fig. 31 the flattened side 168a of the hub 168 is so positioned that the arm 166d is free to pass; in other words, when the ratchet wheel 114 has arrived at the position wherein the ledge 11412 has passed the rocker member 172, so that the surface 114d no longer provides support for the rocker member, the arm 166d will clear the hub 168 because of the flattened side thereof. But by the time the ratchet wheel 114 has rotated clockwise to the point where the rocker member 172 can no longer be supported on the sector 114d. the hub 168 has rotated to a position wherein it is effective to prevent downward movement of the arm 1660'. This is clearly illustrated in Fig. 30.

When the ratchet wheel 114 is in the rotative position shown in Fig. 30, the rocker member 172, if not otherwise supported, would rest on the periphery of the ratchet wheel in the path of the shoulder 114a and might on that account impede counterclockwise rotation of the ratchet wheel; this might either stop it entirely or else apply additional braking force and thus increase the time required for the indicator to return to zero over and above the normal period. To obviate such a contingency. the arm 1660 is designed to underlie the rocker member 172 when the arm 166d is supported by the hub 168, as shown in Fig. 30; the violation of flag 166 is then supported in an up position out of view of the attending oflicer. It may not always be necessary to make use of the hub 168 to support the violation flag. and the shoulder 1146 may be supplanted by a stop which will permit the sector 114d to be extended far enough to provide support for the rocker member 172 throughout the entire sweep of the time indicator.

Blocking the meter against operation by apertured slugs or washers Referring to Figs. 11 and 12, the rocker 175 is secured to the adjacent side of the coin carrier 66 and is bent along the line 176 to provide in contact with the coin carrier a fulcrum about which the rocker is adapted to oscillate through a small distance. An aperture 177 is designed to receive the enlarged portion of the pin 82 which is attached to the coin carrier, and another aperture 178 is provided to receive another pin (not shown) projecting from the side of the coin c rrier. These two pins which are centered on the line 176 serve to locate and mount the rocker 175 so that it will revolve with the coin carrier and retain its positional relation thereto while at the same time being free to rock on its fulcrum 176. A third aperture 179 is positioned near but to one side of the fulcrum 176 and is designed to clear the enlarged shank portion of a shouldered screw 180 which is threaded into the coin carrier. A helicoconical wire compression spring 181 embraces the enlarged shank portion of the screw 180, and is interposed between the head of th s screw and the adjacent outer surface of the rocker 175 so that the leg 175a of this rocker is normally pressed by the spring against the side of the coin carrier. The other leg 175b lies in a pl ne which is acutely angular to the plane of the leg 175a and therefore normally extends fr m he fulcr m 176 at an cute angle to the adjacent side of' the coin carrier. This is clearly shown in Fig. 12. The outboard end of the leg 175]) has a laterally projecting pointed fin er- 1750 which is aligned with a clearance notch 184 f rmed in the c in carrier plate 67'. It will be apparent that the rocker 175 iscapable ofbeing rotated out of its normal position of Fig. 12 so that the finger 175c wi l enter the coin pocket 75 throu h the clearance notch 184; if there is a proper coin in the coin pocket 75' and pointed end of the finger 1750 will be in ercepted thereby. and the degree of possible rota ion of the rocker will thus be ubstanti lly reduced. The p inted end of the finger 175:: is positioned to align with the central area of any coin in the coin pocket which would'be capable of movin the coin gau e to an effective position. Hence. if a washer corresponding in diameter to either a maior orminor coin is inserted into the c in carrier, its a erture will clear the end of the finger 1750 and, acc rd nglv. will not interfere with rotation of the rocker 175 about its fulcrum. Other components about to be described co-operate with the rocker 175 in such manner that the power plate 48 is prevented from rotating far enou h t permit the latch 60 to drjyablvengage the roller 83 unless the end of the finger 1750 is intercepted, as by-a valid'coi'n in the coin 20 pocket. Consequently, any attempt to set the meter through use of a washer will be frustrated because of failure of the power plate to drivably engage the coin carrier.

A leaf spring 185 (see Fig. 11) secured by a rivet 186 to the face of the power plate 48 has a free end portion 185a which is operative to contact the leg 17511 of the rocker and thus urge the leg toward the coin carrier whereby to cause the finger 1750 to move into the coin pocket or to engage the adjacent face of a coin in the coin pocket, depending upon whether or not a proper coin has been deposited. The spring is so positioned, however, that it does not normally engage the rocker 175 but, instead, makes contact with the leg 175b thereof only after the power plate 48 on which it is mounted has been rotated to some extent away from its normal position. Thus, when both the power plate and the coin carrier are in normal position the finger 1750 is retracted by the action of the spring 181. This is necessarily so because otherwise the finger 1750 would interfere with admission of a coin to the coin pocket 75.

If the power plate 48 be rotated, as by depressing the inductor push plate 41, and there is no coin in the coin carrier pocket, or, alternatively, that there is a washer therein, then when the free end portion 185a of the leaf spring 185 makes contact with and moves along the angularly extending leg 175b, the latter will be deflected so that the rocker 175 will rotate about its fulcrum 176. The spring 181, being relatively weak, will yield to the dominant pressure exerted by the spring 185.

Rotation of the rocker 175 causes the free end of its leg 175a to be moved against the adjacent surface of the power plate 48; and attached to the power plate is a laterally projecting pin 186 which is positioned to engage the end of the leg 175a whenever there exists a condition as above noted. As a result, further rotation of the power plate is blocked, and the blocking occurs before the power plate has rotated far enough for the latch 60 to clear'the roller 83 and thus be in a position to drivably engage the roller during the return rotation of the power plate. If there is a proper coin in the coin pocket of the carrier, the pointed end of the finger 1750 will make contact therewith, thus preventing further rotation of the rocker 1.75 which is sufiiciently stiff to resist yielding under pressure of the spring 185. The leg 175a will then clear the pin 186, thus removing any impediment to full rotation of the power plate.

Means is provided to release the rocker leg 175b from pressure of the spring 185 at the time the coin carrier reaches its coin-discharge position. To that end the spring 185 is so positioned that its free end 185a traverses an arcuate path which coincides with the inner edge of the rocker 175, and the latter is so formed that the contacting end of the spring passes therebeyond after the pin 186 has arrived at a point beyond which it cannot be engaged by the leg 175a so as to obstruct further rotation of the power plate. Release of the rocker from the action of the spring 185 is preferably deferred until just before the power plate is released to return to its normal position and after the latch 60 has arrived at the point where it can drivably engage the roller 83. It would be possible otherwise to first insert a major coin and then partially'depress the coin inductor 41 and thereafter withdraw the major coin and replace the same with a Washer, while at the same time further depressing the inductor push plate to the full extent of its inward stroke. Such a manipulation is almost impossible to perform where the rocker 175 is not released from the spring 185 until the roller 54' is very close to being released from its driving engagement with the pusher link 46.

The barrier for preventing insertion or withdrawal of a coin when the manually operable element is partially depressed Referring first to Fig. 13. there is here shown a U- shaped barrier element 188 made preferably of stiff spring-tempered wire and comprising two parallel arms 188a interconnected at their upper ends by a crossbar 188b and having two opposing trunnions 188:: at their res ective lower ends. These trunnions are inserted, individually, in a ertures 189 and 18911 in the respective plates 87 and 88 forrotative movement therein. The common axis" of the trunnions 188 constitutes the pivotal center of theelement 188; The normal po'si 

